Aluminum Chlorohydrate
In plain terms
The active ingredient in antiperspirants. It dissolves into the sweat ducts and plugs them to stop you sweating.
What the evidence shows
Aluminum chlorohydrate is the active ingredient that makes an antiperspirant stop sweat, by dissolving into the sweat ducts and plugging them. Start with what the evidence does not support: the long-running claims that it causes Alzheimer's or breast cancer are not established. The cancer agencies and the Alzheimer's Association say there is no convincing link, the original 1960s brain studies were never replicated, and Europe's safety committee, after reviewing the question directly, judged it safe at the concentrations used and measured how little crosses intact skin, around five ten-thousandths of one percent. So this is not the poison the folklore describes. The reason it still lands at better-to-avoid is narrower and honest. Applied daily to the underarm, aluminum collects in nearby breast tissue at higher levels than in blood, and in lab studies it acts as a weak metalloestrogen, interfering with estrogen-receptor signaling and genomic stability in breast cells. None of that is proven to cause disease, but two recent scientific reviews weighed it and reached the same practical conclusion: on the precautionary principle it is sensible to limit aluminum here, especially on freshly shaved skin. The one thing you give up by switching to a plain deodorant is sweat-blocking, not cleanliness, which is an easy trade for an open question on a sensitive spot.
On the label
Listed as aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium, or aluminum chloride. Deodorants without it control odor but do not block sweat; that is the trade-off, not a safety one.